Around U :2

                                                                PETROLEUM

 The word petroleum is composed of two Latin words Petra means rock and oleum means oil.Petroleum is a dark brown ,thick,and viscous liquid that occurs below the earths surface.It is a naturally occurring raw material which is a complex mixture of paraffinic,olefinic,and aromatic hydrocarbons together with small amounts of organic compounds containing O,N and S.

Mining Of Petroleum:-
 Petroleum is found deep below the earth crust ranging from a few hundred meters to about 2-3 km.So, it's mining is a very expensive process.The possible locations are first identified by aerial surveys and ground tests.
The oil is found floating over salt water and has a layer of natural gas on the top of it. Mining is done by drilling holes into the earths crust and pipes are inserted until the pipes reach the petroleum bearing rocks.Usually the crude oil gushes out on its own due to high internal pressure. When the gas pressure decreases,the crude oil is pumped out with help of  air lift pumps.

Refining Of Petroleum:-
 The crude oil obtained is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons which is always found mixed with considerable amount of water and earth particles.So it becomes necessary to separate these hydrocarbons to make each fraction available for appropriate use. The crude oil is separated into various useful fractions by fractional distillation.This process of dividing petroleum into different useful fractions with different boiling ranges is called refining of petroleum and the plants set up for this purpose are called Oil refineries.

Petroleum Products:-

1.  LPG
2. Gasoline or petrol
3. Kerosene oil
4. Diesel oil

Around U : 1

                                         OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode)

An organic light emitting diode is a light emitting diode in which the emissive electroluminescent layer is a film of organic compound which emits light in response to an electric current. This layer of organic semiconductor is situated between two electrodes, at least one of these electrodes is transparent.
The emissive layer used  used in a OLED is made up of organic plastic molecules out of which the most commonly used is polyfluorene.The conducting layer is also an organic molecule and the most commonly used component is polyaniline.

To Make  An OLED:-

1. To make an OLED light up ,we simply attack a voltage across the anode and cathode.
2. As the electricity starts to flow ,the cathode receives electrons from the power source and the anode loses them.
3. Now we have a situation where the added electrons are making the emissive layer negatively charged ,while the conducting layer is becoming positively charged.
4. Positive holes are more mobile than negative electrons so they jump across the boundary from the conducting layer to the emissive layer.when a hole meets an electron ,the two things cancel out and release a brief burst of energy in the form of a quantum of light or a proton ,in other  words. This process is called recombination, and because it's happening many times a second the OLED produces continuous light for as long as the current keeps flowing.          

Advantages Of OLED:-

• The manufacture of OLED is highly economical and is more efficient than LCD and the panel screens.
• It will be a great surprise to see displays on our clothing and fabrics.This technology  will help in carrying huge displays in our hands.
• There is much difference in watching a HD TV to an OLED display.As the contrast ratio of OLED is very high,it can be watched from an angle about 90 degrees without any difficulty.
• No back light is produced by this device and the power consumption is also very less.
• OLED has a refresh rate of 100,000 Hz which is almost 9900 HZ greater than an LCD display.
• The response time is less than 0.01 ms.LCD needs response time of 1 ms.

Read this cute little poem!! CIRCLE by J . Shahaha

                    Circle

The earth we live is a circle. 

Hot hot sun is a circle. 

The cool moon is a circle. 

Delicious orange is a circle. 

Bangles we wear too is a circle. 

Hey…The ball we play is also a circle. 

Children! Now We all know 

What a circle is! 

Mind-controlled drones show off latest in tech

Scientists have been able to detect brainwaves for more than a century, and mind-controlled technology already is helping paralyzed people move limbs or robotic prosthetics. But now the technology is becoming widely accessible. Emotiv and NeuroSky are among startups offering electroencephalogram headsets for purchase online for several hundred dollars. The models Florida racers used cost about $500 US each.

Here's how the technology delivers an abstract thought through the digital realm and into the real world: Each EEG headset is calibrated to identify the electrical activity associated with particular thoughts in each wearer's brain — recording, for example, where neurons fire when the wearer imagines pushing a chair across the floor. Programmers write code to translate these "imaginary motion" signals into commands that computers send to the drones.

Professor Juan Gilbert, whose computer science students organized the race, is inviting other universities to assemble brain-drone racing teams for 2017, pushing interest in a technology with a potential that seems limited only by the human imagination.

As our lives become increasingly reliant on internet-enabled devices, a concept known as the internet of things, Gilbert and his team want to know how mind-controlled devices can expand and change the way we play, work and live.

You might use your mind to unlock your car, or explore a virtual world, hands-free. It could be applied for real-time monitoring of our moods and states of consciousness. Researchers are studying whether they can use a big-rig driver's mind to trigger a device that will tell him when he's too tired to drive.

"One day you could wear a brain-controlled interface device like you wear a watch, to interact with things around you," Gilbert said.

So far, BCI research has largely been about helping disabled people regain freedom of movement. Recently, an Ohio man using only his thoughts was able to move his paralyzed hand thanks to a chip implanted in his brain. In Miami, doctors using BCI are helping a 19-year-old man stand on his own after losing the use of his legs in a motorcycle accident.

But as the technology moves toward wider adoption, ethical, legal and privacy questions remain unresolved.

The U.S. Defence Department — which uses drones to kill suspected militants in the Middle East from vast distances — is looking for military brain-control applications. A 2014 Defence Department grant supports the Unmanned Systems Laboratory at the University of Texas, San Antonio, where researchers have developed a system enabling a single person with no prior training to fly multiple drones simultaneously through mind control.

In this system, instead of the pilot thinking certain thoughts to move the drones, she looks at a screen with flickering signals, triggering brain activity that translates into specific movements. "It can accommodate lots of commands, much more than imaginary motion can," UT scientist Yufei Huang said.

But enthusiasts should think carefully before handing over their brainwaves for purposes that have yet to be conceived or contained, said Kit Walsh, a staff attorney at the Electronic Frontier Foundation with a degree in neuroscience from MIT.

"EEG readings are similar to fingerprints: Once I know what the readings look like from your brain in a certain situation," she said. "I'll be able to recognize you by that pattern again later on."

U Bored!!! Try new Oreo Milk Shake! Let this be a special day for u!!!

Ingredients
       Chocolate syrup -4 tsp
       Oreo Cookies divided- 8
       Milk - 1 cup
       Vanilla ice cream softenned - 2 cups
Instructions
        Spoon 1 tsp ,syrup into each of 4 glasses.Roll each glasses to coat bottom and                   inside of glass.Finely chop 4 Cookies and set aside.
        Quarter remaining Cookies ,place in blender.Add milk and ice cream ,blend until              smooth
        Pour into prepared glasses, top with chopped Cookies ,Serve immediately!
Nutritious milk shake is now ready!!!! Enjoy!

World's Tiniest Engines Could Power Microscopic Robots

Scientists have created the world's tiniest practical engines, and these light-powered machines could one day power microscopic robots small enough to enter living cells, the researchers say. As technological innovations make devices smaller and smaller, scientists are developing machines that are only the size of complex molecules — nanometers, or billionths of a meter, in scale. In comparison, the average human hair is about 100,000 nanometers wide. One of the main reasons "nanobots" remain in the realm of science fiction is that figuring out a way to make them move has been challenging. Researchers have tried using a variety of power sources and propulsion systems for nanotechnology, but these typically lack speed, strength and control. "There have been many small machines, but they operate incredibly slowly — taking many seconds or minutes to move a single arm, for instance — and with very low forces," said Jeremy Baumberg, director of the University of Cambridge's NanoPhotonics Centre and senior author of the new study. "This is why we don't have nanobots, although they are much discussed in fiction." Nanobots require powerful forces to move because the viscosity of fluids can increase dramatically on the nanoscale. "For a nanomachine floating in water, swimming is like us swimming in a pool of treacle [a blend of molasses, sugar and corn syrup] — very, very viscous — so you need very large forces to move," Baumberg told Live Science. The new engines are made of tiny particles of gold only 60 nanometers in diameter. These particles are connected to one another by a water-laden gel made of a heat-sensitive compound. When heated by a green laser to more than 95 degrees Fahrenheit (35 degrees Celsius), the gel expels water, contracting within a microsecond and forcing the gold nanoparticles into tight clusters about 400 nanometers wide. When the engine is cooled, the gel takes on water and expands, and the gold nanoparticles are strongly and quickly pushed apart, like a spring, the researchers explained.

Virat Kohli-a superman??

virat kohli is doing a superman or what??.. he is been in constant form throughout this year starting from india tour aus till the ongoing ipl 2k16. Second century for virat both against the debutant teams makes him the favourite among all indians.Brilliant 108* here in banglore today took his team single handedly for a win against pune supergiants.Stunning innings from vk ,those well placed shots and afterall those crowds chanting the champs name makes him the superman of world cricket.dhoni's rps is struggling to compete for the games in the rest of the season. Hats off for that astonishing innings young vk18..